Riserva Naturale di Calafuria

The Calafuria Nature Reserve protects a stretch of rocky coastline and Mediterranean scrub south of Livorno. Red sandstone cliffs, coastal coves and a historic watchtower form part of a landscape recognised for its ecological value.

Why it matters

The reserve covers about 115 hectares between the sea and the inland ridges. Its high rocky coast and Mediterranean habitats sit within a wider coastal area designated as a Site of Community Importance. The landscape contrasts with Livorno's port and urban centre while remaining close to the city.

What to notice

Compact quartz sandstone forms the high, rocky coastline. Along the shore are the Scogli Piatti, the natural pools called Vaschine di Calafuria, the Calignaia inlet and the Sassoscritto rock. Mediterranean plants include Aleppo pine, holm oak, mastic, strawberry tree and myrtle. The area also provides habitat for foxes, martens, porcupines and wild boar; red coral is found in nearby waters.

Context and history

The hills and shore preserve traces of human use, including old quarry sites and the sixteenth-century Torre di Calafuria, part of a coastal watch system. The reserve’s Mediterranean habitats and rocky coastline give this stretch of the coast its distinctive character.